Rs and Elites club, Science Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 2Department of Venomous Animals and Antivenom Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. Received: 19 June 2012 Accepted: 29 August 2012 Published: 27 February 2013 References 1. White J: Snake venoms and coagulopathy. Toxicon 2005, 45(8):951?67. 2. Sajevic T, Leonard A, Krizaj I: Haemostatically active proteins in snake venoms. Toxicon 2011, 57(5):627?45. 3. Markland FS: Snake venoms and the hemostatic system. Toxicon 1998, 36(12):1749?800. 4. Bello CA, Hermogenes AL, Magalh s A, Veiga SS, Gremski LH, Richardson M, et al: Isolation and biochemical characterization of a fibrinolytic proteinase from Bothrops leucurus (white-tailed jararaca) snake venom. Biochimie 2-Bromo-1,3-difluoro-4-nitrobenzene 2006, 88(2):189?00. 5. Guti rez JM, Rucavado A, Escalante T, D z C: Hemorrhage induced by snake venom metalloproteinases: biochemical and biophysical mechanisms involved in microvessel damage. Toxicon 2005, 45(8):997?011. 6. Guerranti R, Cortelazzo A, Hope-Onyekwere NS, Furlani E, Cerutti H, Puglia M, et al: In vitro effects of Echis carinatus venom on the human plasma proteome. Proteomics 2010, 10(20):3712?722. 7. Berger M, Pinto A, Guimar s JA: Purification and functional characterization of bothrojaractivase, a prothrombin-activatingSalmanizadeh et al. J Venom Anim Toxins incl Trop 3-Amino-1H-indazole-4-carbonitrile Dis. 2013, 19:3 http://www.jvat.org/content/19/1/Page 8 of8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16. 17.18.19.20.21. 22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.metalloproteinase isolated from Bothrops jararaca snake venom. Toxicon 2008, 51(4):488?01. Petrovan RJ, Govers-Riemslag JW, Nowak G, Hemker HC, Rosing J, Tans G: Purification and characterization of multisquamase, the prothrombin activator present in Echis multisquamatus venom. Thromb Res 1997, 88(3):309?16. Yamada D, Sekiya F, Morita T: Isolation and characterization of carinactivase, a novel prothrombin activator in Echis carinatus venom with a unique catalytic mechanism. J Biol Chem 1996, 271(9):5200?207. Ghorbanpur M, Zare Mirakabadi A, Zokaee F, Zolfagharian H, Rabiei H: Purification and partial characterization of a coagulant serine protease from the venom of the Iranian snake Agkistrodon halys. J Venom Anim Toxins incl Trop Dis 2009, 15(3):411?23. Rizzo F, Papasouliotis K, Crawford E, Dodkin S, Cue S: Measurement of prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) on canine citrated plasma samples following different storage conditions. Res Vet Sci 2008, 85(1):166?70. Garc -Manzano A, Gonz ez-Llaven J, Lemini C, Rubio-P C: Standardization of rat blood clotting tests with reagents used for humans. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 2001, 44:153?55. Assi AA, Nasser H: An in vitro and in vivo study of some biological and biochemical effects of Sistrurus malarius barbouri venom. Toxicology 1999, 137(2):81?4. Masci PP, Whitaker AN, de Jersey J: Purification and characterization of a prothrombin activator from the venom of the Australian brown snake, Pseudonaja textilis textilis. Biochem Int 1988, 17(5):825?35. Serrano SM, Maroun RC: Snake venom serine proteinases: sequence homology vs. substrate specificity, a paradox to be solved. Toxicon 2005, 45(8):1115?132. Kini RM: Serine proteases PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16505107 affecting blood coagulation and fibrinolysis from snake venoms. Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb 2005, 34(4?):200?04. Meier J, Theakston RD: Approximate LD50 determinations of snake venoms PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8833965 using eight to ten experimental animals. Toxicon 1986, 24(4):395?01. Rao VS, Joseph JS,.
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